• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A monitoring arrangement provides a method of monitoring the state of charge of the energy accumulator (112) of a vehicle (111), which reliably determines the state of charge of the electrical energy accumulator (112) from the measurement of the voltage of the electrical energy accumulator (112) in an idle state where the voltage value is kept constant within a predetermined period of time; The method comprises the transmission, from an electronic control unit ECU (113) to a sensor (114) of at least one command signal with instructions to carry out a measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112) in an instant time ti selected from an instant of time t0 of reference; reception of the measurement of the voltage value in the electronic control unit ECU (113); calculating a first state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112); comparison, by means of the electronic control unit ECU (113), of the calculated first state of charge with a reference state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) to determine a first information message for the user; and transmitting the first information message to a graphing device (115). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2784074A1
    申请号:ES201930251
    申请日:2019-03-19
    公开日:2020-09-21
    发明作者:Zuazola Jairo Hernández
    申请人:SEAT SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0002] A method and a monitoring arrangement of an electric energy accumulator
    [0003] Object
    [0005] The present invention relates to a monitoring arrangement of an electrical energy accumulator of a vehicle.
    [0007] State of the art
    [0009] It is known in the state of the art to use a rechargeable electrochemical accumulation battery as a source of electrical energy to meet the starting, lighting, etc. needs. of a vehicle. If the electrochemical accumulation battery is allowed to discharge to a very low state of charge, SOC, the vehicle user may be unable to start the vehicle engine.
    [0011] Knowing the SOC state of charge is not enough to anticipate a sudden failure of the electrochemical accumulation battery because the discharge of the battery is a function of the type of use that is provided to the battery; Similarly, knowledge of the fuel stored in a vehicle tank provides a rough indication of how far the vehicle can travel. The distance traveled by the vehicle is a function of the type of vehicle, driving mode, engine performance, etc.
    [0013] Therefore, a system for recognizing the state of charge of an electrochemical accumulation battery is required that helps to efficiently manage the useful life of the electrochemical accumulation battery; that is, the time during which the electrochemical accumulation battery maintains the performance above predetermined voltage values, so that the management system is able to anticipate a sudden failure of the vehicle's electrochemical accumulation battery.
    [0015] Summary
    [0017] The present invention seeks to solve one or more of the drawbacks set forth above by means of a monitoring arrangement of an electrical energy accumulator of a vehicle as defined in the claims.
    [0019] The monitoring arrangement provides a method of monitoring the state of charge of the energy accumulator, which allows to extend the useful life of the electric energy accumulator, for the usage habits of a user of a vehicle.
    [0021] The method reliably determines the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator from the measurement of the voltage of the electric energy accumulator in a state of accumulator standstill. The state of rest corresponds to a situation where the accumulator does not supply or practically does not supply electrical energy to consumers of the vehicle. By way of example, the vehicle's resting state would correspond to a stationary vehicle situation, with the propulsion system off. The quiescent state can be detected or determined if the voltage value is kept constant within a predetermined period of time.
    [0023] It should be noted that the no-load voltage value of the electric energy accumulator is different from the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator at rest; where the electrical energy accumulator maintains those vehicle systems that have to be supplied with electrical energy in a resting state.
    [0025] The method of monitoring the vehicle's electrical energy accumulator comprises:
    [0026] a) transmission, from an electronic control unit ECU of the vehicle to a sensor, of at least one command signal, where the command signal comprises instructions to measure the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator in an instant of time t i , where t i is an instant of time selected from a reference instant of time t 0 ,
    [0028] b) reception, in the electronic control unit ECU from the sensor, of the measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator at the instant of time t i ;
    [0030] c) calculation, by means of the electronic control unit ECU, of a first state of charge of the electric energy accumulator as a function of the measurement of the voltage value at time t i ;
    [0032] d) comparison, by means of the electronic control unit ECU, of the first calculated state of charge with a reference state of charge of the electric energy accumulator to determine a first information message for the user; Y
    [0034] e) transmission of the first information message from the electronic control unit ECU to a graphic display device.
    [0036] The method allows an efficient and autonomous way to verify the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator, in order to determine errors or abnormal operation of the electric energy accumulator. A robust method is proposed to verify the abnormal operation of the vehicle's electrical energy accumulator started autonomously, without the need for an express instruction by the user. The start of the process, or reference point of time t 0 will be adapted according to the needs express of each user.
    [0038] The method determines a usage pattern of the electrical energy accumulator based on the analysis of the accumulator voltage value measured periodically during idle states of the accumulator.
    [0040] The method additionally provides recommendations for the use of the accumulator to extend the service life of the electric energy accumulator. Reliably determining the capacity of the electrical energy store allows you to extend the service life of the battery and reduce the CO 2 footprint of the vehicle as a whole.
    [0042] The usage habits of the vehicle determine the establishment of the rest state over time, daily, weekly, monthly, etc. Consequently, the method provides a means to reliably determine the rest state of the accumulator. When the accumulator is in the idle state, measurements of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator are carried out from the measured voltage values and, consequently, the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator is determined and, additionally, Depending on the state of rest and state of charge, recommendations for use are provided to extend the useful life of the electric energy accumulator.
    [0044] An instantaneous check of the accumulator's state of charge is proposed, in order to verify whether the value of the instantaneous state of charge does not correspond to normal values.
    [0045] The transition of the value of the state of charge from a normal value to an abnormal value may be abrupt due, for example, to the existence of an electricity leak or short circuit, or it may be slow, due to, for example, the existence of a consumer permanently connected to the accumulator. That is why the state of charge calculation stage must be carried out continuously or periodically at predetermined repetition intervals, so that the method also comprises:
    [0047] f) storage, in a data storage unit electrically connected to the electronic control unit ECU, of the first calculated state of charge,
    [0048] g) repetition of steps a) to c) and f) in a first repetition time period At 1 , where At 1 > 12h, preferably At 1 > 24h
    [0050] h) comparing a second calculated state of charge with the at least first stored state of charge to determine a second information message for the user, and
    [0052] i) transmission of the second information message from the control unit electronic ECU to the graphing device.
    [0054] In this way, within a specific periodicity, the monitoring method will initiate a process of verifying the state of charge of the accumulator, comparing the previous state of charge with the current state of charge. As a result of the comparison between both values, it will be possible to foresee losses in the battery or unwanted electrical consumptions that impair the normal or normal operation of the accumulator. Preferably, the monitoring method is executed daily, so the repetition time period Ah, is 24 hours.
    [0056] The reference time t 0 may be a factory preset value, determined by the vehicle user on the basis of vehicle usage habits. For example, the manufacturer establishes that the method always starts at the same time of a reference day of the week, so that the user can change the reference time t 0 established by the factory, interacting on a graphical input interface.
    [0058] Likewise, the repetition time period Ah will be modified as a function of the reference time t 0 established by the user and / or predicted throughout the useful life of the electrical energy accumulator.
    [0060] For example, the electronic control unit ECU of the vehicle transmits a command signal to the sensor to measure the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator at a time ti = 3h on Monday morning and for the following Tuesday , the measurement of the voltage value will be carried out at 2 o'clock in the morning; so that the repetition time period Ah is equivalent to 23h.
    [0062] Generally, the habits of use of the vehicle during the weekend are different from those of the working days of the week; Thus, the measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator during the non-working days of the week may be different from the instants of time ti on the working days of the week.
    [0064] Consequently, the repetition time periods Ah are provided by a prediction or learning phase, which comprises the stages of:
    [0066] • storage, in the data storage unit, of a state of charge calculated from a given reference time t 0 ,
    [0068] • repetition of steps a) to c) and step j) in a second repetition time interval At 2 , where 1h <At 2 <6h, preferably At 2 > 3 hours;
    [0070] • determination of a state of rest of the electric energy accumulator if the value of the difference of two consecutive values of state of charge obtained in base to the second repetition time interval At 2 is equal to or slightly different from 0, and
    [0072] • definition of the second interval of repetition time At 2 based on a time band in which the state of the electric energy accumulator is determined as a state of rest with a higher frequency based on the repetition period At 1 .
    [0074] In the prediction phase, at least two measurements of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator are carried out within the second repetition time interval At 2 , where At 2 > 3h to compare the calculated states of charge with each other to determine a state of rest of the accumulator of electrical energy.
    [0076] The method takes into account both the aging state of the electric energy accumulator and the habit of use of the vehicle during the prediction or calculation of the repetition time period At 1 . In this regard, it is estimated that the repetition time period At 1 will evolve by reducing or increasing throughout the useful life of the electric energy accumulator. Thus, at the reference time t 0 a first measurement of the state of charge is made. On the basis of the second repetition time interval At 2 , a plurality of measurements of the state of charge of the accumulator are carried out. In order to determine a pattern where the energy accumulator remains in a resting state, all measurements made of the state of charge of the accumulator are compared. The comparison is made between successive values, so that a value of the state of charge is compared with the corresponding value of the state of charge determined in the successive time interval of repetition At 2 . A classification is made of daily time bands in which the energy accumulator remains in a resting state and in daily time bands in which the energy accumulator remains in a non-rest situation. The pattern or repetition of the state of rest will be determined based on said classification. As an example, it is determined that from Monday to Friday, in the time band from 2 hours to 6 hours in the morning, the energy accumulator remains in a state of rest, while from Saturday to Sunday, in the time band of 4 hours At 8 o'clock in the morning the energy accumulator remains in a state of rest. Thus, the repetition period At 1 will be determined based on said classification.
    [0078] Once the monitoring method ends the learning phase of the user's habits, in which the At 1 repetition period appropriate to the uses of the vehicle has been determined, the monitoring method proceeds to the periodic verification of the correct operation of the accumulator of electric energy as described in steps f) to i).
    [0080] The forecasting process can take a long period of time, for example several weeks.
    [0082] Once there is a robust statistic corresponding to rest states concerning the electric energy accumulator depending on the usage habits of the user of the vehicle, the electronic control unit ECU of the vehicle determines the set formed by the first period of repetition time Ah and the second repetition time interval At 2 for each day of the week.
    [0084] In summary, the vehicle's electrical energy accumulator monitoring method provides, in a predictive way, a repetition time interval Ah for each day of the week, based on the repetition time interval At 2 to determine the idle state of the vehicle. accumulator of electrical energy of the vehicle. From the determined accumulator voltage value, it is possible to calculate the battery charge status and provide the vehicle user with recommendations for the use of the accumulator in order to extend the service life of the vehicle's electrical energy accumulator. The calculated rest states may not be equidistant.
    [0086] Likewise, a prediction for future rest states can be made by evaluating the previously calculated and stored rest states for higher degrees of aging of the electrical energy accumulator.
    [0088] The appreciation of using sets formed by the first repetition time period At 1 and the second repetition time interval At 2 for each day of the week is based on the fact that the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator is deduced with a high reliability and this state decreases slowly and progressively throughout the life of the accumulator. The abrupt loss of the accumulator's charging capacity is caused by a sudden, catastrophic failure of the accumulator. Consequently, it is not necessary to repeat the measurement of the current voltage of the electric energy accumulator with a high frequency.
    [0089] The monitoring arrangement is configured to check at least the current voltage value of the energy store in order to warn of the need to recharge the electrical energy store before the voltage value of the electrical energy store drops suddenly, coinciding with a state of complete discharge of the accumulator.
    [0091] Brief description of the figures
    [0093] A more detailed explanation is given in the description that follows and is based on the figures attached:
    [0095] Figure 1 shows in a block diagram a monitoring arrangement of an electric energy accumulator of a vehicle.
    [0097] Description
    [0099] Referring now to figure 1, where a monitoring arrangement of an electric energy accumulator 112 of a vehicle 111 is shown.
    [0101] The monitoring arrangement further comprises a sensor 114 electrically connected to an electrical energy accumulator 112. An electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 is electrically connected to the voltage measurement sensor 114 and to a data repository 116.
    [0103] The electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 instructs the sensor 114 to perform measurements of the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112. The data repository 116 is configured to store characteristic reference parameters corresponding to the electrical energy accumulator 112 and the values of the measurements made by the sensor 114 relative to characteristic parameters of the electric energy accumulator 112.
    [0105] The electronic control unit ECU 113 provides a command signal, comprising instructions, to perform a measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 at an instant of time ti; where ti is a selected instant of time from a reference instant of time t 0 .
    [0107] The reference time t 0 can be predefined at the factory, and / or determined by the user of the vehicle on the basis of the habits of use of the vehicle 111. For example, the manufacturer establishes transmitting the first command signal at one hour reference, such as 3 o'clock on a reference day of the week, such as Monday.
    [0109] However, the user, depending on the habits of use of the vehicle 111, may wish to change the reference time t 0 established by the factory, interacting on a graphical data input interface 117 electrically connected to the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111.
    [0111] Once the reference time t 0 and the day of the week are established, the monitoring procedure of the electric energy accumulator 112 is executed.
    [0113] Therefore, the monitoring method comprises performing periodic measurements of the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112; where the moment of time stops Carrying out the measurement of the voltage value is determined by the electronic control unit ECU 113 based on the usage habits of the vehicle 111.
    [0115] The electronic control unit ECU 113 instructs, at least once a day, the sensor 114 so that the sensor 114 measures the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112.
    [0116] The electronic control unit ECU 113 transmits the first control signal to the sensor 114 at the set reference time t 0 .
    [0118] In order to repeat the measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112, the electronic control unit ECU 113 applies at the reference time t 0 a first repetition time increment At 1 ; so that the electronic control unit ECU 113 transmits the first command signal relating to the repetition of the measurement of the accumulator voltage at an instant of time t 0 + At 1 .
    [0120] The first repetition time increment At 1 is added to the established reference time t 0 . By taking the consecutive measurements, it is possible to know if there is an involuntary discharge of the electrical energy accumulator 112. The involuntary discharge may be due to an electrical consumer with a fault in its configuration, a short circuit, etc.
    [0122] The sensor 114 sends to the electronic control unit ECU 113 a measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112, in response to the reception in the sensor 114 of the first control signal.
    [0124] Once the electronic control unit ECU 113 receives a measured voltage value, the electronic control unit ECU 13 calculates a first state of charge of the electrical energy accumulator 112 as a function of the characteristic parameters stored in the data repository 116.
    [0126] The electronic control unit ECU 113 performs a comparison between the calculated state of charge and a reference state of charge of the electric energy accumulator 112 retrieved from the data repository 116. From the result of the comparison step, the electronic control unit ECU 113 determines a first warning message for the user.
    [0127] The first warning message is provided from the electronic control unit ECU 113 to a graphing device 115.
    [0129] The graphic display device 115 shows the first warning message to the user of the vehicle 111. The graphic display device 115 is a device of the vehicle multimedia screen type, portable electronic user device, etc. By way of example, if the The battery state of charge is less than 80% of the reference state of charge of the electrical energy accumulator 112, a warning is generated to the user of "Charge the battery or with external charger or circulating".
    [0131] The measurement of the voltage value is carried out at an instant of time t i that has to coincide with a state of rest of the electric energy accumulator 112.
    [0133] To determine that the electrical energy accumulator 112 is in a rest state, the electronic control unit ECU 113 provides a second command signal to the sensor 114 at an instant of time t i ; that is to say, in an instant of time equal to or greater than 1 hour, where the second command signal comprises instructions to carry out a second measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator.
    [0135] Therefore, for the electrical energy accumulator 112 to be in a resting state, the first measurement of the voltage value and the second measurement of the voltage value have to be totally or partially coincident, there being a time difference between the first and second measurement of the voltage value of at least 1 hour. In case the first measurement of the voltage value and the second measurement of the voltage value are not coincident or there is a difference greater than a predefined value retrieved from the data repository 116, the electrical energy accumulator 112 is not in a state resting.
    [0137] More in detail, within the time interval defined between t i and (t i + 1h), the sensor 114 performs at least two measurements of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 and the electronic control unit ECU 113 calculates the state load corresponding to each measurement of the voltage value made at different instants of time.
    [0139] Furthermore, the electronic control unit ECU 113 compares two calculated states of charge relative to two consecutive instants of time with each other.
    [0141] If the result of the voltage comparison is equal to 0 or less than a monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator112; then the electric energy accumulator 112 is in an idle state.
    [0143] It should be noted that a reference characteristic parameter of the electric energy accumulator 112 other than the monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 can be used in the comparison stage performed by the electronic control unit ECU 113. Consequently , the reference characteristic parameter of the accumulator 112 has to be stored in the data repository 116, where other characteristic parameters of the electrical energy accumulator 112 provided by the manufacturer of the accumulator 112 are stored.
    [0145] The first warning message includes information data corresponding to the state of charge Calculated SOC; according to a second example, if the SOC state of charge is close to 50% of the reference SOC state of charge, which corresponds to a voltage value <12V; the first warning message includes a battery change recommendation, for example.
    [0147] Note, that to reliably determine the capacity of the electric energy accumulator 112, provide the warning messages to the user and use the characteristic reference parameters of the electric energy accumulator 112 stored in the data repository 116; the measurement of the voltage of the electric energy accumulator 112 is to be carried out in the rest state of the electric energy accumulator 112; where the rest state is determined by applying the monitoring method of the electrical energy accumulator 112.
    [0149] If the value of the measured voltage difference is different from 0 or greater than the monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112; the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 transmits a third command signal to the sensor to perform a third measurement of the voltage value at an instant of time t i + n ; where n = 1, .., m.
    [0151] Therefore, it is necessary to determine when the electric energy accumulator 112 is in an idle state. To do this, the electronic control unit ECU 113 sends the third control signal at time t i + n ; since it is expected that the state of rest is located totally or partially in the interval of time defined between t i + W
    [0153] The voltage value measured at the instant of time t i + n is sent from the sensor 114 to the electronic control unit ECU 113, to repeat the comparison stage using the voltage value measured at the instant of time t i y the voltage value measured at time t i + n .
    [0155] The electronic control unit ECU 113 uses in the comparison stage two voltage values measured in two adjacent or consecutive instants of time.
    [0157] Similarly, if the value of the difference of the two voltages is equal to 0 or less than the value of the monthly self-discharge voltage of the electric energy accumulator 112; then the electric energy accumulator 112 is in an idle state and the electronic control unit ECU 113 provides the first warning message to the graphing device 115; wherein the first warning message includes information data corresponding to the calculated SOC state of charge to be displayed on the graphing device 115.
    [0159] If the value of the measured voltage difference is different from 0 or greater than the voltage value monthly self-discharge of the electric energy accumulator 112; the electronic control unit ECU determines that the electric energy accumulator 112 is not in the rest state, so that the state of charge measurements cannot be taken into account for the monitoring of said electric energy accumulator 112.
    [0161] Consequently, the monitoring method monitors the value of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator 112 taken at instant t 0 and evaluates whether said value is within a determined range, in order to transmit to the user of the vehicle 111 a corresponding message with the state of the electric energy accumulator 112. Optionally, the method can check whether the voltage value measured to obtain the state of charge value has been measured with the electric energy accumulator 112 in a quiescent state, applying the systematics detailed above.
    [0163] Additionally, in order to more robustly monitor the operation of the electrical energy accumulator 112, the method may comprise a sequence of steps to verify the existence of unintentional active consumptions or power failures at rest.
    [0164] Thus, the electronic control unit ECU 113 stores in the repository 116 the state of charge corresponding to the voltage value measured at the instant of time t i . Subsequently, and according to a first repetition period At 1, the electronic control unit ECU 113 transmits a command signal to the sensor 114. The command signal comprises instructions for carrying out a measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 at the instant of time t i + At 1 . The voltage value will be received by the electronic control unit ECU and, based on the measured value, the current state of charge of the electric energy accumulator is calculated from the voltage value measured at the instant of time t i + At 1 .
    [0166] The state of charge values corresponding to time t i and time t i + At 1 are compared; that is, the successive state of charge values are compared with each other in order to determine the existence of a difference between both values greater than a predefined value stored in repository 116, indicating the existence of an active and unwanted electrical consumer connected to the electrical energy accumulator 112, or a possible power failure at rest. Based on said comparison, a second information message for the user is generated and transmitted from the electronic control unit ECU 113 to the graphic display device 115.
    [0168] For the comparison to be valid, the voltage value taken at time t i + At 1 must be obtained with the electric energy accumulator 112 in rest state. Thus, the method explained above for verifying the idle state of the battery can be applied. electric power 112.
    [0170] Additionally, and according to one embodiment, the reference time to at which the monitoring procedure of the present invention starts, which is obtained by means of a learning process. Thus, the monitoring method performs a first study of the habits of use of the vehicle to determine the establishment of the state of rest over time; that is, daily, weekly, monthly, etc., by adapting the time interval in which the voltage value measurements must be carried out.
    [0171] For this, the proposed method performs a set of measurements of the voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112 according to a second repetition period At 2 , so that a first voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112 is taken at the instant of time ti and a plurality of accumulator voltage measurements are taken in successive At 2 , At 2 being a value preferably between 1 hour and 6 hours. Thus, the corresponding states of charge of the electrical energy accumulator 112 corresponding to each of the measured voltage values are obtained, and each value of the state of charge is compared with the successive or following value of the state of charge obtained, according to At 2 . If the result of said comparison is null or practically null, it means that the electric energy accumulator 112 is in a state of rest. On the other hand, if the result of said comparison is greater than a predefined value stored in the repository 116, it means that the electrical energy accumulator 112 is not in a state of rest. Thus, the monitoring method learns from the habits of use of the vehicle 111 and defines patterns of use of the vehicle 111. Based on these patterns, the reference time t0 is defined in which, once the learning period has ended, the monitoring or verification of the state of the electric energy accumulator 112 will start.
    [0173] Once a reference time interval t 0 has been established, corresponding to a state with a higher probability of rest of the electric energy accumulator 112; the electronic control unit ECU 113 will transmit the first corresponding command signal, at the instant of time that is a function of the first repetition time increment At 1 .
    [0175] Therefore, the method provides a means for reliably determining the quiescent state of the electric energy accumulator 112. During the quiescent state, measurements of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 are performed to determine the state of charge. of the electrical energy accumulator 112 and, based on the calculated state of charge, recommendations for use of the electrical energy accumulator 112 are provided to extend the useful life of the accumulator 112.
    [0177] The data repository 116 includes data corresponding to load states calculated by the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 together with reference charging states of the electric energy accumulator 112 supplied by the manufacturer of the accumulator 112. The reference charging states are related to corresponding reference voltage values of the energy accumulator 112. In the following examples, the first repetition period Ah has been defined as 24 hours, that is, the method performs a daily calculation of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator 112 and compares it with the stored state of charge value in repository 116 of the successive previous days.
    [0179] The method additionally provides warning messages to the user to extend the useful life of the electric energy accumulator 112. The content of the warning message is of the type:
    [0181] - Charge the electric energy accumulator 112, when the state of charge is> 90% of the reference state of charge and the vehicle 111 has not circulated for at least 10 days;
    [0182] - Charge the electric energy accumulator 112 immediately, when the state of charge is> 50% of the reference state of charge and the vehicle 111 has circulated for at least 2 days;
    [0184] - Charge and check the status of the energy accumulator 112; when the state of charge is> 0% of the reference state of charge.
    [0186] If the voltage difference between two consecutive days is> 0.8V, the content of the warning message can be of the type: "start the vehicle or disconnect equipment from the vehicle that is demanding electrical energy from the electrical energy accumulator".
    [0188] If the voltage difference between two non-consecutive days is> 0.3V, the content of the warning message may be of the type: "go to the nearest workshop, possible bypass of the electrical energy accumulator".
    [0190] Therefore, the content of the warning message can be broad depending on the detail that it is desired to provide the user of the vehicle 111.
    [0192] More in detail, once a rest state has been established for a given day, the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 initiates a cycle of measuring the accumulator voltage the following day, starting from the instant of time that It is a function of the highest value of the time interval where the rest state of the electric energy accumulator has been established on the previous day and the first increment of Ah repetition time.
    [0194] Therefore, the transmission steps from the electronic control unit ECU 113 of a first control signal at the instant of time W 1 + Ah are repeated. The first voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 is received by the control unit electronic ECU 113 and stored within the data repository 116.
    [0196] The electronic control unit ECU 113 transmits a second control signal at time t i + n + 1 + At 1 + A t i .
    [0198] The second voltage value of the electrical energy accumulator 112 is received by the electronic control unit ECU 113 and stored within the repository 116. Next, the electronic control unit ECU 113 compares the first measured voltage value with the second voltage value measured and if the value of the difference of the two measured voltages is equal to 0 or less than the value of the monthly self-discharge voltage of the electric energy accumulator 112; then the electrical energy accumulator 112 is in an idle state and the electronic control unit ECU 113 provides the first warning message, corresponding to the calculated state of charge SOC to the graphing device 115.
    [0200] If the value of the measured voltage difference is different from 0 or greater than the monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112; the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 transmits a third command signal to the sensor 114 to perform a third measurement of the voltage value at an instant of time W
    [0201] Consequently, the electronic control unit ECU 113 of the vehicle 111 transmits successive control signals until it is determined that the electrical energy accumulator 112 is in a state of rest and can therefore use the state of charge calculated for the state of charge. idle determined to provide the corresponding warning message to the graphing device 115.
    [0203] The method takes into account both the aging state of the electrical energy accumulator 112, as it does not measure the voltage value in a given instant of time, but rather that the voltage measurement is performed in instants of time that vary over time. long aging life of electric energy accumulator 112.
    [0205] Likewise, the habits of use of the vehicle 111 are also considered since the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator 112 is a function of the duration of the parking periods or stops of the vehicle 111, the number of kilometers traveled, the number of starts made, etc.
    [0207] In summary, the monitoring method of the electrical energy accumulator 112 of the vehicle 11 performs a first phase of learning the operating habits of the vehicle 111 based on the measurements taken according to the second repetition period At 2 . The patterns of use of the vehicle 111 determined, allows to determine the time slot of greater probability where the electric energy accumulator 112 is in a state of rest. In this way, the first repetition period At 1 is defined, based on which measurements of the state of charge will be taken to monitor the operation of the electrical energy accumulator 112.
    [0209] Once the usage patterns are known and the first repetition period At 1 defined, the electronic control unit ECU 113 sends command signals to the sensor 114 to calculate voltage values of the electric energy accumulator 112 periodically, according to said first period repeat At 1 . Each measured voltage value will allow the calculation of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator 112. The value of the state of charge can be calculated with the successive previous state of charge values calculated and stored in repository 116 only if the electric energy accumulator 112 is in the idle state. In order to verify whether the electric energy accumulator 112 is in the rest state, a first measurement is taken according to the first repetition time interval At 1 and a second measurement taken after ti + n. Next, the electronic control unit ECU 113 compares the first measured voltage value with the second voltage value to determine whether the electrical energy accumulator 112 is in an idle state. Only in the event that the electric energy accumulator 112 is in the idle state, the calculated state of charge value will be taken into account to evaluate and monitor the state of the electric energy accumulator 112.
    [0211] Based on the state of charge, the user of the vehicle 111 is provided with recommendations for use to extend the useful life of the electrical energy accumulator 112 of the vehicle 111.
    [0212] NUMERICAL REFERENCE LIST 111 vehicle
    [0213] 112 electric energy accumulator 113 electronic control unit ECU 114 sensor
    [0214] 115 graphing device 116 data repository
    [0215] 117 graphical data entry interface
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    1. A method of monitoring an electrical energy accumulator (112) of a vehicle (111); characterized in that the method comprises:
    a) transmitting, from an electronic control unit ECU (113) to a sensor (114), at least one command signal, where the at least one command signal comprises instructions to measure the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112) at an instant of time t i selected from a reference instant of time t 0 ;
    b) receiving, in the electronic control unit ECU (113) from the sensor (114), the voltage value measured in the electric energy accumulator (112) at the instant of time t i ;
    c) calculating, by means of the electronic control unit ECU (113), a current state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) from the voltage value measured at the instant of time t i ;
    d) comparing, by means of the electronic control unit ECU (113), the calculated current state of charge with a reference state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) to determine a first warning message for the user; Y
    e) transmitting the first warning message from the electronic control unit ECU (113) to a graphic display device (115).
    [2]
    2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
    f) storing, in a repository (116) connected to the electronic control unit ECU (113), the state of charge corresponding to the measured voltage value,
    g) repeat steps a) to c) and f) in a first repetition period Ah, where Ah> 12h,
    h) comparing the calculated current state of charge with at least one stored previous state of charge value to determine a second information message to the user, and
    i) transmitting the second information message from the electronic control unit ECU (113) to the graphic display device (115).
    [3]
    3. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the time point to reference is a predefined value.
    [4]
    Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reference time t 0 is a value entered by the user by means of a graphical input interface (117).
    [5]
    5. Method according to claim 2, wherein the reference time t 0 is obtained by means of a learning phase, comprising the steps of:
    • save in the repository (116) the current calculated load status,
    • repeat steps a) to c) and the step of storing in the data repository (116) the current state of charge calculated in a second repetition period At 2 , where 1h <At 2 <6h,
    • determine a state of rest of the electrical energy accumulator (112) if the value of the difference of two consecutive state of charge values obtained based on the second repetition period At 2 is equal to 0, and
    • define t 0 based on a time slot where the state of the electric energy accumulator (112) is determined as a rest state with a higher frequency based on the repetition period At 1 .
    [6]
    Method according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a previous step of verifying the state of rest of the electric energy accumulator (112) prior to step c) of calculating the current state of charge, comprising:
    • transmitting from the electronic control unit ECU (113) to the sensor (114) a first command signal, where the first command signal comprises instructions for carrying out a first measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112),
    • receive the first measurement of the voltage value in the electronic control unit ECU (113),
    • transmitting from the electronic control unit ECU (113) to the sensor (114) a second control signal; where the second command signal comprises instructions to carry out a second measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112) in an instant of time equal to or greater than 1 hour,
    • receive the second measurement of the voltage value in the control unit electronic ECU (113), and
    • Compare the first measurement of the received voltage value and the second measurement of the received voltage value, so that, if the value of the difference in measured voltages is equal to 0 or less than a monthly self-discharge voltage value of the accumulator of electrical energy, the state of the electrical energy accumulator 112 is determined as the idle state.
    [7]
    7. Method according to claim 6, where if the value of the measured voltage difference is different from 0 or higher than the monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112), the method comprises sending a third command signal from the electronic control unit ECU (113) towards the sensor (114) to perform a third measurement of the voltage value at an instant of time ti + n where n = 1, .., m.
    [8]
    8. Method according to claim 7, wherein the time difference between the instant of time ti and the instant of time ti + n is equal to or greater than 1h.
    [9]
    Method according to any of the preceding claims, where the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (113) calculated in step c) is based on a reference characteristic table of the electric energy accumulator (112), where the characteristic table relates voltage values of the electric energy accumulator (112) with values of state of charge.
    [10]
    Method according to claim 2, wherein step f) of storing in the data repository (116) electrically connected to the electronic control unit ECU (113) the calculated current state of charge comprises additionally storing data of at least a factor controllable by the user, such as number of starts per day carried out, number of days with 0 km traveled, number of km traveled per day, number of complete recharges of the electric energy accumulator (112) or similar.
    [11]
    11. Method according to claim 1; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the first information message based on whether the value of the current state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) calculated is less than a first predefined value of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112).
    [12]
    12. Method according to claim 2; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the second information message as a function of whether two consecutive state of charge values calculated according to the first period of repetition Ati are less than a second predefined value of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112).
    [13]
    13. Method according to claim 2; wherein the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the second information message as a function of whether the difference between two consecutive state of charge values calculated according to the first repetition period At 1 is less than a third predefined value.
    [14]
    14. A monitoring arrangement of an electrical energy accumulator (112) of a vehicle (111); characterized in that the monitoring arrangement comprises an electronic control unit ECU (113) configured to transmit to a sensor (114), at least one command signal, where the at least one command signal comprises instructions for carrying out a measurement of the value of voltage of the electric energy accumulator (112) at an instant of time ti selected from a reference instant of time t 0 ; the sensor (114) sends to the electronic control unit ECU (113) the voltage value measured in the electric energy accumulator (112) at the instant of time ti; the electronic control unit ECU (113) calculates a current state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) from the voltage value measured at time ti; the electronic control unit ECU (113) compares the calculated current state of charge with a reference state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) to determine a first warning message for the user; and the electronic control unit ECU (113) transmits the first warning message to a graphic display device (115).
    [15]
    15. Arrangement according to claim 14; wherein the arrangement comprises a repository (116) connected to the electronic control unit ECU (113); where the repository (116) is configured to store the state of charge corresponding to the measured voltage value.
    [16]
    16. Arrangement according to claim 15; wherein the electronic control unit ECU (113) compares the calculated current state of charge with at least one previous stored state of charge value to determine a second information message for the user, and transmits the second information message from the control unit. electronic control ECU (113) to the graphing device (115).
    [17]
    17. Arrangement according to claim 14; where the arrangement comprises a graphical input interface (117) configured to enter the reference time t 0 .
    [18]
    18. Arrangement according to claim 14; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) transmits to the sensor (114) a second command signal; where The second command signal comprises instructions for carrying out a second measurement of the voltage value of the electric energy accumulator (112) at an instant of time equal to or greater than 1 hour.
    [19]
    19. Arrangement according to claim 18; wherein the electronic control unit ECU (113) receives the second measurement of the voltage value in the electronic control unit ECU (113), and compares the first measurement of the received voltage value and the second measurement of the received voltage value; so that if the value of the measured voltage difference is equal to 0 or less than a monthly self-discharge voltage value of the electric energy accumulator, the state of the electric energy accumulator (112) is determined as the resting state.
    [20]
    20. Arrangement according to claim 18; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) transmits to the sensor (114) a third signal of whether the value of the difference in measured voltages is different from 0 or greater than the value of the monthly self-discharge voltage of the electric energy accumulator ( 112).
    [21]
    21. Arrangement according to claim 14; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the first information message based on whether the value of the current state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112) calculated is less than a first predefined value of the state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112).
    [22]
    22. Arrangement according to claim 16; where the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the second information message as a function of whether two consecutive values of state of charge calculated according to the first repetition period At 1 are less than a second predefined value of state of charge of the electric energy accumulator (112).
    [23]
    23. Arrangement according to claim 16; wherein the electronic control unit ECU (113) is configured to determine the second information message as a function of whether the difference between two consecutive state of charge values calculated according to the first repetition period At 1 is less than a third predefined value.
    [24]
    24. A vehicle comprising an electrical energy accumulator (112); wherein the vehicle (111) comprises a monitoring arrangement of the electrical energy accumulator (112) according to claims 14 to 23.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2784074B2|2021-01-26|
    引用文献:
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    US20130241565A1|2012-03-19|2013-09-19|GM Global Technology Operations LLC|Method for estimating vehicle battery parameters|
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